Learning Networks LAN, MAN, WAN and Internet (Complete)Computer networks in general there are 5 kinds, namely LAN (Local Area Network ) , MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network ) , WAN ( Wide Area Network ) , the Internet , and Wireless ( without cable) . Actually , the concept of the same type Computer Network , which is to connect the various network devices to communicate and share resources . Only difference is from its geological layout ( include area and network area ) , and the technology used ( such as the use of different cable types , corresponding IP Addressing his classes , and security systems (security ) are different ) So, I will explain about all 5 Types of Computer Networks according to the sources I get. * LAN (Local Area Network ) Local Area Network , or LAN , is a type of Computer Network to include the local area . By using a variety of network devices are quite simple and popular , such as using UTP cable ( Unshielded Twisted -Pair ) , Hub , Switch , Router , and other sebagainya.Contoh of LAN networks such as computers connect to each other at school , in the company , Buddhism , as well as between the neighboring house which still covers the territory LAN .The advantage of using Computer Network type LAN such as more efficient in operating expenses, more efficient in the use of cable, transfer data between nodes and computers seem to be more rapid because it covers a narrow area or locally, and does not require telecommunications operators to set up a LAN network.The disadvantage of the use of LAN network type is a network area coverage is narrower so as to communicate outside of the network becomes more difficult and area coverage data transfer is not so wide. * MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) Metropolitan Area Network or MAN, is a type of Computer Networks broader and more sophisticated than Type Computer Network LAN. Known for Metropolitan Area Network MAN Types of Computer Networks is normally used for connecting computer networks from one town to the other. To be able to create a MAN network, it is usually necessary to telecom operators to interconnect computer networks. Examples such as the Ministry of National Education network between cities or regions and also modern malls networks interconnected between cities.The advantage of this type MAN Computer Network include wider coverage area network so as to communicate becomes more efficient, easier in terms of doing business, and also the security of the network becomes better.Disadvantages of Types of Computer Networks MAN as more use of the operating costs, can be the target of the operation by the Cracker for personal benefit, and to repair the MAN network required considerable time. * WAN (Wide Area Network) Wide Area Network or WAN, is a type of Computer Networks broader and more sophisticated than Type Computer Networks LAN and MAN. JaringanWAN technology used to connect a network with other countries or from one continent to another. WAN network can consist of various type Computer Network LAN and WAN because of the vast area of coverage Types of Computer Networks WAN. WAN network, typically using fiber optic cables and plant them in the ground and goes under the sea.
Advantages Types of Computer Networks WAN such as area coverage network more comprehensive type Computer Network LAN and MAN, exchange of information is more confidential and purposeful as to communicate from one country to the other requires more security, and also easier to develop and facilitate in terms of business. The disadvantage of such type WAN Network operating expenses necessary to become more highly vulnerable to the danger of theft of important data, care for WAN networks become more severe. * Internet The Internet is a global computer network or global. Because the Internet is a network-connected computer networks worldwide, so that the communication and transfer of data or files become easier. Internet can be said to be a mix between the different type and its Computer Network Topology and Network Type interconnected to one another.Advantages of Internet networks including the type of communication and the sharing of resources from one network to another becomes easier, dissemination of knowledge becomes more rapidly, delivering information faster and easier, and into the fields to earn * Wireless (Wireless) Wireless Computer Networks is a type that uses media data transmission without cables. The media used such as radio waves, infrared, bluetooth, and microwave. Wireless networks can be functionalized into the LAN, MAN, and WAN. Wireless geared to the needs of high mobility.Advantages of Wireless Network Type as convenience to connect to the network without being restricted by cables, more towards users who require high mobility, and does not necessarily need a network cable.Losses Type Wireless Network as the transmission of data to the users which is slower than the use of the network with a cable, requiring tight security for people who are outside the network can break into a wireless network.
Network topology
Network topology is the physical picture of the pattern of relationships between components - network components, including servers, workstations, hubs and pengkabelannnya.
a.Topologi Mesh
This network topology relationship between the central implementing in full. The number of channels should be provided to form a mesh network is a central number minus 1 (n-1, n = number of central). The complexity of a network is proportional to the increasing number of central installed. Thus in addition to less economical also relatively expensive to operate.
b.Topologi star
In a star topology, each workstation is connected directly to a server or hub. Star-type topology The advantages of this is that the existence of a separate cable for each workstation to the server, the bandwidth or the width of communication lines in the cable will be more wide that will improve overall network performance. And if there is a disruption in a cable line, the interference will only occur in the communication between the respective workstation with the server, the network as a whole is not impaired. The downside of a star topology is a need for larger cable compared to other topologies.
c.Topologi Bus
The bus topology is used on a single cable or cable center in which all workstations and servers are connected. Excellence bus topology is the development of a network or adding new workstations can be done easily without disturbing other workstations. The drawback of this topology is that if there is interference in the cable along the center of the whole network will be impaired.
d.Topologi Ring
In the ring topology all workstations and servers are connected to form a pattern of circles or rings. Each workstation or server will receive and pass information from one computer to another, if the addresses are referred to appropriate the information received and if no information will be passed. The drawback of this topology is each node in the network will always opt to manage the information that is passed in the network, so that when there is a disturbance in a node, the entire network will be disrupted. Ring topology excellence is no occurrence of collision or collision of data transmission sepertipada bus topology, because only one node can transmit data at a time.
e.Topologi Tree
The network topology is referred to as multilevel network topology. This topology is typically used for interconnection of central denganhirarki different. For the lower hierarchy ambarkan dig at lower and more locations above have the higher hierarchy. This type of network topology suitable for use in a computer network system.
understanding DHCP DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a service that automatically assigns IP addresses to the computers that requested it. Computers that provide the IP number is referred to as a DHCP server, while the computers that request IP number is referred to as a DHCP Client. How it Works DHCP DHCP uses a four-stage process to provide the configuration of IP numbers, among others: 1. IP Least Request The client requests an IP number to the server (Broadcast looking for a DHCP server). 2. IP Least Offer DHCP server (can be one or more servers if any) that have no IP offers to the client. 3. IP Lease Selection Client chose DHCP Server offers the first accepted and returned to broadcast the message approving the loan to the DHCP Server. 4. Acknowledge IP Lease DHCP Server wins provide answers in the form of a confirmation message no IP and other information to the client with an acknowledgment. Then the client performs initialization by binding (binding) IP number and the client can work on the network. Meanwhile, another DHCP Server withdrew the offer back. Blocks / Image Flow Protocol DHCP Installation preparation 1. Prepare a PC complete with the required hardware specifications. 2. Make sure the PC has two LAN Card if the server will be connected to the internet. 3. Install PC with OS Linux Debian 4.0. For the installation of the OS is not explained because it is already finished (computers already installed Debian). 4. Go to the Debian Linux and login as root. 5. The first step in building a DHCP server, the database-the entire CD to install on our PC. To download the databasekannya type the command: # apt-cdrom add 7. Furthermore, the computer's IP settings, enter the interfaces configuration file located in the directory /etc/network.Tambahkan script below: Eth0 is the LAN card which we will connect to the client and its IP charging in accordance with our wishes. Eth1 is the LAN card is connected to the internet. To make it easier settings to eth1 on dhcp. Lankukan following steps. 8. Enable network daemon: # / etc / init.d / networking restart The next step began installing the server.
Installing the DHCP Server uses dhcp3-server DHCP server (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a machine that set the IP addresses in the client. With DHCP, the client does not need to fill its own IP address and prevent the similarities IP that caused the collision. The steps are as follows. 1. Install dhcp package with the command: # apt-get install dhcp3-server 2. Insert the CD needed to install the package. 3. Once the package is installed, the next step is configuration. 4. Open the existing dhcpd.conf file in the / etc / dhcp3. 5. Edit the script below: 6. Enable dhcp daemon. # / Etc / init.d / dhcp3-server restart So we have completed the process of installing and configuring the DHCP server. DNS understanding DNS DNS (Domain Name System) or in Indonesian called the Domain Name System is a system that stores information about host names and domain names in the form of databases scattered (distributed databases) in a computer network, such as the Internet. DNS provides the IP address for each host name, and lists the server is connected. How DNS Work The function of DNS is to translate computer names to IP addresses (mapped). In which the DNS client and DNS resolvers called a server called by name servers. Resolvers or client sends a request to the name server in the form of queries. Name server will process a way to check out local DNS database, contact name server will send a message more or failure if it turns out the request of the client was not found. The process is called the Forward Lookup Query, which is the demand of the client by mapping out the name of the computer (host) to an IP address. Image Workflow DNS Ket: The resolver sends queries to the name server. Name check to the local database server, or other contact name server, if found to be notified to resolvers, otherwise will send a failure message to resolvers. Resolvers contact the destination host using the IP address as given name server
Installing the DNS Server using BIND9 Domain Name System (DNS) is to distribute the database system used to search the computer name (name resolution) on a network that uses TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol), in other words as a machine that converts the IP address into a name, so that user will more easily remember the name of the computer. The steps are as follows. 1. Install bind9 packages by typing the command: # Apt-get install bind9 2. Insert the CD needed to install the package. 3. Then edit named.conf configuration file in the directory / etc / bind. Add the following script: 4. Next db.local and db.127 copy files in the / etc / bind with db.debian name and db.192named.conftadi). (Adjust the name of this file with the configuration of #cp db.local db.debian #cp db.127 db.192 5. Edit the file db.debian by adjusting the script as below: 6. Edit the file db.192 by adjusting the script as below: Make sure there are no errors in the writing of the script because it will be very influential. 7. After all configuration is done correctly, enable daemon bind9: # / Etc / init.d / bind9 restart If it does not appear statement failed means the configuration is correct. Conclusion DHCP is a protocol that is used for the allocation of IP addresses in one or more networks. If non DHCP, IP addressing is set manually one by one to all of the computers connected to a network. If using DHCP, all hosts yng connected in the network will automatically get an IP address from a DHCP server that allows administrators to network handlers. In addition to IP addresses, many network parameters can be assigned by DHCP as the default gateway and DNS server. DNS is the result of the development of methods of finding host names to IP addresses on the Internet. On the DNS client (resolver) sends queries to Name Server (DNS). Name Server will receive the request and map computer names to IP addresses Domain Name Space that the grouping hierarchy consisting of root-level domains, top-level domains, second-level domains, and host names. $ .0 Debian Linux OS can dunakan to configure DNS and DHCP server for easy implementation and compatible with the network that we use. Dhcp3-server is a software that helps support the allocation of IP addresses in the network system. While bind9 is open source DNS server software that is the most famous among Linuxer, whose function is to support the configuring DNS in a network.
How to install a straight UTP cable types and cross. Let article ga extension. Later you even lazy to read. Before you practice, there are some hardware that you need to prepare, diantanranya: Cable UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair). UTP cable that is commonly used is the category of 5 UTP cable (UTP Cat 5). Why? Because Cat-5 UTP cable supports data transfer up to 100 Mbps. This cable consists of 8 small that have different colors. The cable color is Orange, Orange White, Blue, Blue White, Green, Green White, Brown and White Chocolate. The second is Jack RJ-45. Jack is similar to home phone jack. Only the larger size. Jack RJ-45 consists of 8 pins, in accordance with the amount of UTP cable. Crimping Tools or pliers crimping. Hardware that is similar to the one tang. However, its function is not as pliers in general. Crimping tool is useful to clip the cable to the RJ-45 Jack. All the above hardware you can get at most computer stores. The price was not too expensive. UTP cable Straight Type OK. Now I discuss how the installation. The first is how to set the type of straight UTP cable. To do this, do the following steps: Peel the cable ends about 1 cm, so the tiny wires that are inside visible. Pisangkan cables and straightens. Then set and trim based on color is Orange White, Orange, Green White, Blue, Blue White, Green, White Chocolate, and Cocoa. After that cut the edges so mean to each other. After the cable is composed download Jack RJ-45. As I said before Jack is composed of eight pins. Pin 1 of this jack is located far left pin if the pin position facing you. Sequential to the right is the jack 2, 3, and so on. Then insert the cables into the RJ-45 Jack in the order was as follows:
- Orange Putih pada Pin 1
- Orange pada Pin 2
- Hijau Putih pada Pin 3
- Biru pada Pin 4
- Biru Putih pada Pin 5
- Hijau pada Pin 6
- Coklat Putih pada Pin 7
- Coklat pada Pin 8.
Insert the cable until the tip is stuck in the jack. Put Jack RJ-45 cables are installed earlier in the mouth of the crimping pliers according to section Jack pin RJ-45 located in the mouth pliers. Now flops jack before the crimping pliers until the entire pin stuck on the cable. Usually if a pin jack has been lodged will make a sound "click". Now that you've finished installing the RJ-45 jack on the end of the first cable. For a second end of the cable, the steps are the same as the first installation of the cable end earlier. To that end, repeat the steps had to put Jack RJ-45 connector on both ends of the cable. UTP cable arrangement straight type you can see in the picture below: Types UTP cable Cross How to install cables UTP straight type I described earlier. Now I will discuss about how to install the type of cross UTP cable. How UTP cabling type of cross is almost the same as installing UTP cable straight type. Pemasanganya technical about the same as before. The difference is the color sequence wires on the second end of the cable. For the end of the first cable, cable arrangement together with UTP cable arrangement straight type, namely: Orange on Pin 1 Orange White on Pin 2 Green on Pin 3 Blue Pin 4 Blue White Pin 5 Green White at Pin 6 White chocolate on Pin 7 Brown on Pin 8. For a second end of the cable, the color composition different from the first end. Adapaun color composition is as follows: Green White on Pin 1 Green Pin 2 Orange White on Pin 3 Blue Pin 4 Blue White Pin 5 Orange at Pin 6 White chocolate on Pin 7 Brown on Pin 8. Cable arrangement before you can see in the image below. The final result will cross type UTP cable like this: The conclusion is that if you put up the type of straight UTP cable, the arrangement of colors on both ends of the cable are the same. As for how to install the UTP cross type, color composition different from the first end of the cable unjung second cable
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